Cannabis plants contain several chemical compounds. Two of these are terpenes and cannabinoids. Terpenes have strongly scented molecules that give the plant a characteristic smell and taste. They contribute significantly to the effects of cannabis on the body, combined and individually.
Most temperature recommendations for quality cannabis products focus on the boiling points of CBD (180oC), THC (157oC), and other cannabinoids. But when quality is the concern, terpene’s breakdown temperature is the most important. This blog will review the boiling points of some of the most common terpenes and why these temperatures matter.
How Temperature Impacts Terpenes
Unlike phytocannabinoids like CBD and THC, terpenes evaporate quickly off the plant when subjected to intense heating. Some break down even at temperatures below 100° F during the production process, consumption, or during lab analysis. The evaporation affects different qualities such as entourage effects, smell, and taste.
The Most Common Terpenes and their Breakdown Temperatures
The most popular terpenes found in cannabis are linalool, humulene, myrcene, caryophyllene, and limonene. These terpenes have different flavors, aroma profiles, boiling points, and use.
Myrcene
Myrcene, commonly known as the “mother of all terpenes,” is a sedative compound that helps in relaxation or sleeping. It has a musk-like aroma and can be used in vaping and cooking with little waste. It has a boiling point of 167° C (334° F). It can easily combine with CBD to bring about relaxation in those struggling with high-stress or physically demanding lifestyles.
Limonene
Limonene has a bright, citrus, sour flavor. It is found in popular cannabis strains such as White Fire or Berry White OG. It has a boiling point of 176° C (349° F) and a vibrant lemon taste and aroma, making it one of the best options for infusing in foods. Ongoing research suggests that this terpene can be used to boost energy and reduce tension.
Pinene
Pinene is a primary terpene found in spruce and pine trees. It exists in two forms, beta-pinene and alpha-pinene, with the same boiling point of 156° C (311°F). It is used as a great addition to tea.
Humulene
Humulene is mainly found in cannabis strains such as Sour Kush, Candyland, and Death Star. Its 125°C (225°F) boiling point is significantly lower than other terpenes. It can be used in vaping or brewing tea. It offers more stimulating and uplifting effects than other terpenes, especially when combined with CBD. Some users also use it to boost energy or mood levels.
Beta-Caryophyllene
Ongoing studies suggest that caryophyllene calming effects. It binds directly to the endocannabinoid receptors. As a result, it is thought to boost the effects of cannabinoids and their ligands, including THC and CBD. It has a boiling point of 130°C (266°F). This terpene has a peppery aroma, with a warming or mild spicy action.
Linalool
Linalool is a sedative terpene with relaxing and mood-boosting effects. It has a high boiling point of 198°C (390°F). This relatively high boiling point makes linalool a perfect choice for vaping, cooking, brewing tea, and smoking. It is common in bergamot, rosewood, mint, and lavender.
How is Terpene Profiling Conducted?
Terpene profiling gives each strain a specific thumbprint to help the users choose a suitable cultivar. Most testing labs use gas chromatography to determine the level of the terpene present by analyzing its relative concentrations and masses.
Does Terpene Profiling Demonstrate Product Quality?
The direct answer is yes. Cannabis industries are lawfully required to demonstrate the quality of the strains and comply with the consumer’s safety standards. The legalization of cannabis products in most states has seen in an increased surge of business in the industry. This growth has resulted in the need for lab testing and profiling to ensure quality.
Cannabis Terpene Testing
At Nordic Analytical Laboratories, we offer lab testing of various cannabis products using GC-FID, including R&D terpene testing for at least 21 common terpenes.
Cannabis Lab Testing & Consulting in Colorado
Are you looking for laboratory terpene analysis within Colorado and its periphery? Nordic Analytical Laboratories has you covered! Our terpene analysis reports give unique product fingerprints to help you and other users compare different profiles. Contact us today to schedule your services or visit our Denver or Pueblo lab facilities for terpene analysis testing.
Image Credit: 420MediaCo / Shutterstock
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